Amafaranga ibihugu bishyira mu burezi ntiduhite tubona ko ari ho ari - Isesengura

Mu burezi bw'ibihugu, ingano y'amafaranga ashorwamo iba itandukanye. Usanga hari ibihugu amafaranga aba ari make ugereranyije n'ibikenewe.

Ku ruhande rumwe, ibi bituma haba icyuho gikomeye gituma iterambere ry'ireme ry'uburezi ridindira.

Ku rundi ruhande, hari amafaranga aba akoreshwa mu zindi nzego z'ubuzima bw'igihugu ariko akagira aho ahurira cyane n'uburezi.

Kubyirengagiza bituma inshuro nyinshi habaho kwibwira ko uburezi ari bwo bukeneye amafaranga menshi kurusha izindi nzego.

Umuntu wese mu rwego rumushishikaje ashaka kwerekana impamvu ari bo bakeneye amafaranga ntiyabura ingero ziyishimangira.

Muri minisiteri zishinzwe guhanga no kubungabunga ibikorwa-remezo

Izi minisiteri zihabwa amafaranga agenewe ibikorwa remezo rusange kandi ni iby'ingenzi kugira ngo inzego zirimo n'iz'uburezi zitange umusaruro wisumbuye.

Ubwo abanyeshuri bo mu cyaro cya Ciwaru,mu ntara ya Banten, muri Indoneziya bajyaga ku ishuri ku wa wa 20 Mutarama 2012:

Iyo ibikorwa remezo rusange byangiritse ntibibazwa Minisiteri z'Uburezi kandi biyigiraho ingaruka.

Dufatiye ku rugero rw'abanyeshuri bo muri Indoneziya, iki kiraro cyo mu kirere cyafashaga abanyeshuri kwirinda gukora urugendo rwa Kilometero 5.

Muri Sierra Leone, raporo yo mu mwaka wa 2013 yagaragaje ko abanyeshuri bakora urugendo rurenze iminota 45 bari bafite ibyago byinshi byo guta ishuri. N'ubwo amafaranga yasannye iki kiraro hari abandi yafashije muri rusange, ariko yafashije kugira ngo abanyeshuri bige: ni amafaranga atavugwa yashyizwe muri minisiteri y'uburezi.

Minisiteri z'ubuhinzi, kongera umusaruro no kwihaza mu biribwa.

Ni byiza ko uburezi ari bwo bubona amafarana ahagije. Ariko ntibyatangaza cyane hari umuhinzi uvuze ati "None abarimu bakwigisha batariye ? Abana bakwiga batariye?".

Mu Rwanda, Minisiteri y'uburezi igaragaza ibyiza byo kugaburira abanyeshuri ku mashuri binyuze muri Politiki yo kugaburira abana ku mashuri. (MINEDUC,2019)

Ku rupapuro rwa mbere,ivuga ko inzara n'imirire mibi bisenya ubushobozi bw'umunyeshuri bwo kwiga no gutera imbere kandi ko ari gahunda izagirira akamaro abarimo abahinzi.

Ibi byuzuzanya n'ibiri mu mirongo ngenderwaho yo kugaburira abana ku mashuri nk'uko bigaragazwa n'ubushakashatsi.

Ku rupapuro rwayo rwa 2, MINEDUC (2021) ishingiye ku bushakashatsi bwa Snilstveit n'abandi (2015) hagaragara ko kugaburira abana mu mashuri bigabanya guta ishuri ku rugero rwa 7.5% kandi bikongera ubwitabire bw'ishuri ku 9% (Bundy n'abandi, 2018).

Ibi byafashije ibihugu byinshi nk'uko twabigarutseho ku nyandiko ivuga ku ireme ry'uburezi n'amateka yaryo muri Vietnam.

Urugendo rwo kugaburira abanyeshuri ku mashuri rurahura n'uko n'ubusanzwe abarimu bariye bikwiriye bagira ubushobozi bwo gukora neza inshingano zabo; akaba ari ho umuhinzi yahera avuga ko Minisiteri y'Ubuhinzi ari yo ikwiriye kugira amafaranga menshi.

Amafaranga azakoreshwa muri Minisiteri y'ubuhinzi agamije kongera umusaruro no kwihaza mu biribwa kugira ngo abanyeshuri babone ibiryo bihagije kandi indyo ibe yuzuye, ni amafaranga agaragara mu buryo buziguye azafasha uburezi ku rugero rushimishije.

Minisiteri zirebana no kurinda ubusugire n'umutekano

Mu bihugu bitandukanye haba ibifite umutekano uhagije n'ibifite umutekano muke, ntabwo ibikorwa by'uburezi bikorwa hadatekerejwe ku kuntu byagenda haramutse habaye ikibazo cy'abahungabanya umutekano w'abanyeshuri.

Ni imwe mu mpamvu zituma mu kungezura ko ibigo byujuje ibisabwa usanga ibihugu byita ku byo bamwe bakwita bito. Hari nko kureba uko abantu basohorwa mu nyubako byihuse igihe bikenewe (evacuation plan), kureba uruzitiro n'ibindi.

Twifashishije urugero rwo mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa Nijeriya, aho abanyeshuri bashimuswe maze ababyeyi bagasabwa gutanga amafaranga, bigaragara ko mu migambi ya Leta hataburamo kwibaza uko abanyeshuri barindirwa umutekano.

Ababyeyi bari bategereje abana babo bari barashimuswe: Ni muri Nijeriya, ku wa 19 Nzeli 2021

Kubera iyo mpamvu, hari amafaranga ashobora gushyirwa muri Minisiteri zireba iby'umutekano akaba afashije Minisiteri y'Uburezi gukora neza inshingano zayo. Ayo na yo ni ingengo y'imari yihishe mu zindi Minisiteri ariko ifitiye akamaro uburezi. Hari izindi ngero nyinshi nko kugabanya inda zitateganyijwe bikongera umubare w'abakobwa bitabira amashuri ugasanga amafaranga abikora ari muri Minisiteri z'ubuzima n'izishinzwe umuryango. Kugabanya imisoro ku bikoresho by'uburezi bikaba byakozwe na Minisiteri y'Imari kandi bigashyirwa mu bikorwa n'abacuruzi bashobora kubarizwa muri Minisiteri zifite aho zihurira n'ubucuruzi, hari ayo kuzamura imibereho myiza y'umuturage bigatuma uwita ku munyeshuri akabona amafaranga y'ishuri...

Ibyo twagarutseho muri iri sesengura ni ibigaragaza ko n'ubwo hari aho mu ma minisiteri ashinzwe ibirimo uburezi hagashyirwamo amafaranga make tubaze igiceri ku kindi, hari andi menshi ashyirwa mu zindi minisiteri agafasha uburezi mu buryo budahita bugaragarira buri wese.